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Naphthol dyes are insoluble azo dyestuffs that are produced on the fiber by applying a Naphthol to the fiber and then combining it with a diazotized base or salt at a low temperature to produce an insoluble dye molecule within the fiber. Naphthol dyes are classified as fast dyes, usually slightly cheaper than Vat dyeings; the methods of application are complex and the range of colors limited.

Azoic combinations are still the only class of dye that can produce very deep orange, red, scarlet and Bordeaux shades of excellent light and washing fastness.The pigments produced have bright colors, and include navies and blacks, but there are no greens or bright blues. Crocking fastness varies with shades but washing fastness is equal to Vat dyeings, generally with less light fastness than the Vats.

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